Editing Konpeki no Kantai::Volume1 Chapter4

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==Konpeki no Kantai Volume 1 Chapter 4==
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===Chapter Four: The Decisive Battle at Pearl Harbor===
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::'''1'''


Just what was the balance of power between the navies of Japan and America at the time the war started?
 
In December of the sixteenth year, the ratio of strength of America over Japan was narrowing.  The official ratio of tonnage was 10 to 7.  But, because there was a certain portion concealed, it was actually more like 10 to 8.

Indeed, if you took into account the firepower and degree of training, there were rumors that the Japanese Navy was many times better than the American Navy.

However, if you factored in the both countries shipbuilding capacity once the war started, the proportion of fighting power would rapidly open up, in year 18 to 10 to 5, and in year 19 to 10 to 3, but this was already predicted.

When you took that into account, the Japanese side needed to strike the enemy hard as possible at the start of the war.  That meant they had to win all they could while they could win.

As it was, the Japanese were satisfied with their seven-minute win.  The bad part of that was the rampant attitude of disdain towards their enemy.

In the case of the old Pacific War, that the Japanese did nothing special in the year following the start of the war (year 17) was a massive failure.  During this time the American side steadily built up their forces for their long-awaited counteroffensive to start.

Takano Isoroku reflected to the utmost over the bitter experiences of his prior world.

For certain, his ideas about having a decisive battle using naval air were a success from the start.  However, demonstrating this revolutionary tactic to the enemy was a strategic error.

"......Therefore, I think this time I would like fight with three things coordinated seamlessly: a naval air fleet, a battleship fleet and a submarine fleet."

Takano had been speaking to members of the Deep Blue Society.

Then,

"Your Excellency, we made an especially big mistake in making use of the submarine fleet," said Commander Genda, offering his opinion.

"I agree."

Takano gave a deep bow.

In the case of the Japanese Navy, it was normal to think of having submarines present in fleet actions, and to have them participate in naval battles.  For that reason, many submarines were made, both cruisers and for the high seas, and able to keep up with fast fleet actions.

However, this had virtually no effect.  This was because they were uneasy with regards to the antisubmarine tactics of the American Navy, the case in point being the ring shaped battle formation they had thought up.  What's more, when their high performance radar was deployed, the damage to submarine forces was markedly increased.

In the end, using submarines for transport of supplies to Guadalcanal and other such places was the utmost in stupidity. 

To be sure, the situation left them with little choice in the matter, but Japan of year 18 was backed into a corner, and yet who was to blame for having brought that situation to pass?  Their vision for the great war had been inconsistent.

The excellent members of the Deep Blue Society's think tank had diligently investigated the matter.  Everyone had racked their brains.  Then they found a way to win.

With the 12/8 project plans in hand, our future world's Japan Navy faced the start of the war.



::'''2'''


As the war opened, the Japanese side's Southern Strategy was put into action.  This time, in what quite literally a breakthrough, a small fleet assisted the Army in capturing the Philippine Islands, Malaysia, Wake Island and the Gilbert Islands.  In addition, there was the southern force of two battleships stationed in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

However, in addition to these, stationed in the Seto Inland Sea, there was the main fleet, what should be referred to as the nucleus of the Japanese Navy.

The battle formation consisted of six battleships, two aircraft carriers, two cruisers and thirteen destroyers.  This great fleet, with its flagship the battleship Nagato, was not being used for the start of the war.

Certainly, setting them for rear guard duty just in case things went south… he could understand such thinking.

This, the Nagumo Battle Fleet, would be for the theoretical case that the attack on Pearl Harbor failed.

But for Japan the start of the war with America was an all or nothing gamble.  It was a make or break moment.  They couldn't afford to lose their nerve.

The Deep Blue Society expressed severe regret on this point.

They had concluded there was no middle ground between winning and losing in this gamble.


...Well then.

At 11am on the 7th, Admiral Kimmel received his reports on the search for the enemy and felt somewhat relieved.

There was a report on the discovery of the enemy fleet.  His own fleet was fifty nautical miles to the southwest of Oahu and drawing nearer.

A staff officer informed him, "Sir.  The enemy fleet has one carrier, two battleships, three cruisers, two destroyers and some other ships besides."

"There's only one aircraft carrier?"

"Yes, sir.  We haven't discovered the other carriers at this time.  But, they probably aren't that fast.  First let's strike the enemy before us, and then slow-cook the remainder."

"It will be as you say."

Kimmel thought he could win this.  He had a large fleet with eight battleships to back him up.  If it came down to a shootout, he could blast them to dust in one go.

"Their location?"

"Approximately 70 nautical miles north-east of Oahu.  From their course, wouldn't they be heading for Pearl Harbor?"

"Why?"

Kimmel tilted his head in puzzlement.

"Perhaps they intend to shell Pearl Harbor Naval Base?"

"Even though it's already been destroyed by the air raid?" said Kimmel.

"No.  We still have a fuel depot adjacent to the base, and we still have 4.5 million barrels of fuel oil stored there."

"That so?  Is that what they're aiming for?"

Kimmel's eyes opened wide.

"If they can do that, Sir, our Pacific Fleet would be incapacitated.  We would be unable to operate in the Pacific for at least six months."

"I understand."

Kimmel's eyebrows went up.  "Are those guys going to try and starve us?"

"Sir, we must do everything in our power to stop them."

"All right, we'll intercept them for sure.  Make the whole fleet hurry up.  The American Navy's honor is at stake."

Next up, they received another message from water reconnaissance.

It appeared that the enemy fleet had sent ahead a large number of Zero fighters.

"There don't seem to be any attack aircraft."

"Yes.  The situation has become a more and more favorable to our side."

Shortly thereafter, a reconnaissance plane launched from the battleship West Virginia was attacked by a Zero and shot down...

The ships were slow.  Kimmel was impatient.  They had gotten the boilers up to full steam, but Kimmel's fleet was only making 21 knots.  Worse, they had to change direction now and then to throw off enemy submarines.

(Will we make it in time?)

(Can we arrive at Pearl Harbor first?)

So thought Kimmel, who was about to start running around inside the West Virginia out of impatience.

But new reports arrived there.

Having taken off from Oahu, a small private plane had spotted the enemy fleet.  According to radio reports from Oahu, the enemy didn't seem to be heading for the Arenuihaha Channel, but rather for the North Kauai Channel.

"Okay, if that's the case, then we needn't worry about enemy subs.  Head for the Kauai Channel."

Kimmel, his eyes shining, came to a decision.


...On the other hand, there was the Takasugi Fleet.

The Japanese boasted a high speed fleet that could do almost 30 knots.  For all that, Kimmel's fleet could only do just over 20 knots.

The Chief of Staff, Captain Inoue, glared at the sea charts as he calculated the point where they would assemble.

A report from the Seidens came in.  They said that the Kimmel fleet had changed course slightly.

"They are heading for the Kauai Channel after all."

"Is that so?  Could we change the fleet's speed?  We must not arrive at the Kauai Channel too early or too late.  The time at which we meet is critical to this operation."

"According to calculations, if we advance as we are now, we will arrive at the Kauai Channel at 13:20."

"When is Kimmel due to arrive?"

"Probably ten minutes later, at 13:30."

"That so?  I suppose we should slow down just a little after all," said Takasugi.

"Then we will change to precisely 28 knots," replied Inoue.

"Understood.  I will count on you for the rest.  Give my condolences to the engineering."

Takasugi was completely calm.


At one in the afternoon, Kimmel's fleet, with the dark shape of Oahu to starboard, hurried towards the channel.  They were safe from attack by the worrisome enemy submarines.  Now and then an enemy fighter would show up and fly away.

"Just a little further.  Call for battle stations."

They had not yet encountered the enemy, but Kimmel was preparing for battle early.

A little earlier, he'd got into contact with the observation post on the summit of <span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka%CA%BBala Mount Ka'ala]</span> (1234m), which rose from the north end of the island.  But the guard seemed to be in a hurry:

::Signs of the enemy on the eastern horizon.

He'd sent the telegram in plain text, unencoded.

Immediately thereafter, they'd received a radio message from Oahu.  It said that they had no planes because of the air-raid.  Their batteries were completely destroyed, and they had no means by which to defend themselves.

"We cannot count on the Army to save us.  We think we can handle it ourselves, so don't worry," Kimmel sent back in reply.

At 1:30pm, Kimmel's fleet arrived at the west entrance of the Kaua'i Channel.  They received another telegram from Mount Ka'ala.  The enemy fleet was outside the east entrance to the channel.

"All right.  We made it on time."

Kimmel gave the order to attack.

The Kaua'i Channel separates the islands of Oahu and Kaua'i.  One hundred kilometers wide, even if the fleet were spread out it would present no difficulty.

The large fleet approached the enemy at full speed.  The Japanese side was the first to commence firing.

Undaunted, Kimmel's side returned fire.

The enemy battleships, <span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_battleship_Hiei Hiei]</span> and <span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_battleship_Kirishima Kirishima]</span> had 16 35.6cm main guns between them.

In addition, the six ships <span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Nevada_(BB-36) Nevada]</span>, <span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Oklahoma_(BB-37) Oklahoma]</span>, <span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_West_Virginia_(BB-48) West Virginia]</span>, <span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Arizona_(BB-39) Arizona]</span>, <span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Tennessee_(BB-43) Tennessee]</span> and <span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_California_(BB-44) California]</span> had 64 35cm (14-inch) main guns.

It was 1:40pm on the 7th...  The great battle between fellow battleships commenced.

The firepower was overwhelmingly in Kimmel's favor.  The volleys from eight battleships were a sight to see.  The ratio of main batteries was 80 to 16.

(We're going to win for sure!)

(There's no way we won't win.)

Kimmel thought.  No, so he told himself, and encouraged himself.

Somehow.  Because he had an awful suspicion he could not express in words.  First of all, why would you challenge an enemy to fight if you had no chance of winning?

(Where these guys get their nerve, I have no idea.)

But, if he were to cool down and think about it a little, there was something he might have noticed.  If had read it the other way, he should have realized it might be a trap.  However, at that moment excited by the roar of the cannons, Kimmel gradually forgot himself.

The enemy shells weren't aimed at the battleships, but rather at the leading destroyers and cruisers.  He was somewhat impatient as they were targeted, one by one.  He was astonished at their amazing accuracy.  The Japanese Navy was outdoing the American side by more than three to one in shelling precision.  It was the result of hard training, seven days a week.

Two destroyers rushed in and launched torpedoes.  They hit the heavy cruiser New Orleans.  A pillar of fire several stories tall rose up.  The light cruiser Raleigh was sunk instantly.

The blood rushed to his head.

Kimmel was at the height of excitement.

“Attack!”

Gradually, Kimmel's battleship group drew within the strait.  The enemy turned around as if trying to keep out of range.  If you chased them, they fled.  If you pulled back, they advanced.  They were a completely irritating opponent.

At last, an enemy battleship was hit by a 40cm.  However, it wasn't an opponent easy to sink.




::'''3'''


Unfortunately, Kimmel's suspicions were correct.

Twenty minutes later, they were watching a new enemy from across the channel.

A lookout from the West Virginia's bridge shouted out, "Six battleships, and there's more out there!"

Having been completely deceived, Kimmel was upset.

"Enemy aircraft incoming!"  The lookout's voice modulated from a shout to a shriek.

Before his voice could be heard, the West Virginia received the first shots.

They were attacked by ship guns and carrier aircraft.

The fleet started to zig-zag, and poured out anti-aircraft fire.

Burning up like lighters, carrier aircraft covered with flames plunged into them.  Enemy aircraft crashed into the bridge of the Arizona.

The situation in the 100km wide Kaua'i Channel had suddenly been turned upside down. 

"Have I been tricked?" said Kimmel, gritting his teeth.

The escort ships were hit, one after another.

The newly arrived enemy battleships, with destroyers in the lead, quickly drew near. 

Once they were in range, they didn't stand a chance.

"Somebody, tell me what to do!"

Dismay quickly turned into fear.

"What should I do...?"

The bridge of the flagship West Virginia was hellish scene.


At that moment, Vice Admiral Takasugi was talking via wireless with Admiral Sakamoto Ryouma, commander in chief of the Japanese main fleet.

"Takasugi-san, aren't you a little late?"

"No, the timing is just perfect."

The <span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_battleship_Kong%C5%8D Kongou]</span> was serving as flagship of the battleship group.  In the old Pacific War, they would have been part of the Seto Inland Sea battleship group.

"Hah!  With that all the battleships are present.  Eight against eight, as it should be," Takasugi continued.

The Sakamoto fleet, having received secret oders from the Commander in Chief of the combined fleets Takano Isoroku, had departed from the Japanese mainland before the start of the war.  Having come around from the northwest Pacific via a great circle route, they were advancing on Hawaii from the north-east.

"Well then, shall we intimidate them just a little?"

Sakamoto was taking things easy.

It was 2:30pm.  At this point in time, by means of shelling and air strikes, four enemy cruisers and eight destroyers had already been consigned to the bottom of the sea.

With the loss of the entire Hawaiian air forces as well as two aircraft carriers, the enemy fleet had already lost all control of the airspace.  They were completely exposed.

If the enemy boldly challenged them by shelling, they could quickly retreat, taking advantage of their thirty knots.  If they faltered, they could close in and pour on the shells.  For that reason, their allies were practically unscathed.

Sakamoto launched a second wave from his carriers.  The attacking forces swooped in.  The enemy had no aircraft to guard them.  The attack was just like a practice run.

They aimed for the cruisers, destroyers and smaller craft.  The crews complained, but their orders were absolute.

One hour, then two hours went by.  Sakamoto repeated the air attacks thoroughly.

In this way, by 5:30, the eight cruisers, twenty-nine destroyers and forty small craft of Kimmel's fleet had been sent to the bottom.


Kimmel could not understand it.

"Why don't they aim for the battleships?"

"We don't know, sir," said his chiefs of staff.

"All we can say is that we've been stripped bare."

"I don't know.  I can't read their intentions."

They were low on ammunition from the long battle, especially for their anti-aircraft guns.  Many rounds had been wasted.

"Indeed, sir.  Tactically, it doesn't make sense."

"What are they doing?" murmured Kimmel, "Shoving their warrior spirit down our throats?"

"And one thought occurs to me: ships without ammunition are just so much scrap metal."

"We could surrender, but I'd hate to do that."

"Sir.  It will be dark soon.  Let's escape under cover of darkness."

"That's one way to recover."

For certain, the sun was setting, the shining golden disk of fire about to touch the western ocean behind them.

Kimmel had a bad feeling about this.  He had a feeling something lurked beneath that red-stained sea surface.  But he suppressed his anxieties.

"Attack.  We will not dishonor the American Navy." said Kimmel.

At that moment, suddenly, that the Arizona was attacked.

Four columns of water rose at the same time.  Kimmel saw it from close by.  He understood at once that the attack had come from the west, from the direction of the setting sun.  But there had been no torpedo wake at all.

He couldn't understand.  Kimmel could not believe his eyes.  The Arizona had received air attacks, but the damages had been minor.  The West Virginia had been running alongside at flank speed.

(How could such a thing...)

His head went blank.  His thoughts stopped.

(It should be impossible to take four hits at once.  It defies common sense.  At most, two.  This is foolishness.  I must be dreaming.)

But the Arizona broke into three pieces and sank, engulfed in flames.  It sank at once.  In the blink of an eye.  There weren't even the bodies of crewmen or officers left on the ocean surface.

Everyone on the bridge gasped.  There was not a single cough.  They were dumbfounded, their voices lost.  A huge ship, 31,400 tons had been sunk with a single blow.  The surface of the sea broke out in a whirlpool, which soon subsided. 

"Was this how they got the Lexington too?" said Kimmel.

"Yes sir.  The Japanese Navy has made some new and terrible weapon."

"Nevertheless..."

Kimmel's forehead was beaded with sweat.

Five minutes later, as if to mock even their fears, the Oklahoma was attacked.  Once more, four columns of water rose up.  It took less than three minutes for the 27,500 ton hulk to disappear beneath the waves.

Just the thought of who might be next was terrifying.  Without a doubt, the entire crew was the same.

"Sir, we can't stop them."

"I don't think you can replace human life."

Coming to a decision at last, Kimmel said “Understood.  I will take the blame.  Contact their fleet.  Raise the white flag up the mast.”

A destroyer from the Japanese side approached.

They spoke.

In fluent English, the enemy asked us if we were truly willing to surrender.

"We will surrender if you treat us according to the provisions of the Geneva Convention."

"We would not treat the men and officers of the glorious American Navy so crudely."

"Would you promise that?"

"In the spirit of good sportsmanship, we swear to play fair."

In an instant, the number of enemy destroyers increased.

"Let me ask you a question.  What new weapon did the Japanese military use?"

"That is classified information, so we will have to beg your pardon."

The enemy officer was polite.

At length, except for the captain and a few engineers, all hands were ordered to evacuate.  The boats were lowered.  Before they knew it, a Japanese transport ship was approaching.

"We would like you to use this ship to return you to the American mainland.  As we told you before, we will be fair.  We will absolutely not conduct any lightning attacks on the way."

"I would like to talk with your Commander-in-Chief."

"Understood.  We will contact him presently."

Eventually, the radio connects.

"Admiral Kimmel, I presume?  I am Admiral Sakamoto Ryouma."

Once more, fluent English reached Kimmel’s ears.

"I trust you can guarantee the safety of my men?"

"Bushidou and sportsmanship are forms of chivalry.  I will promise you this without fail.  Since this is also the will of Prime Minister Ootaka Yasaburou, so please rest assured Your Excellency."

Thusly, the negotiations for surrender were quickly concluded.


::'''4'''


Before sunset, the Japanese implemented the third phase of their plan.  Protected by destroyers, troop ships attacked Oahu.  The enemy did not know what to do.  The landing force consisted of 7000 elite members from the Naval Land Forces Division.

This force was something strengthened and expanded by Yamamoto Isoroku.  It was a division that did not exist in his old world, and was styled after the American Marine Corps.

Wiping out the meager resistance, they captured the Pearl Harbor naval station in no time at all.  They built up a position and established a beachhead.  Their objective was to secure the fuel depot and it's 4.5 million barrels of fuel.

This plan for the occupation of Hawaii was likewise born from a long and detailed discussion among the members of the Deep Blue Society.

The Hawaiian Islands are located in the ocean some 5000 kilometers southeast of Tokyo.  They had concluded that unless they occupied these islands at the very start of the war, their chances of doing so were zero.

Hawaii was the gateway to America.  To be even more precise, the windpipe.  The strategic importance went without saying...

From there to the American west coast was another 3000 kilometers.  This was the same distance as it was straight south from Tokyo to the Caroline Islands.

"If we want for there to be an early ceasefire, we must not be on the defensive.  From the very start of the war, there is no other way but to attack and attack and attack."

That was the conclusion of the Deep Blue Society, led by Takano Isoroku.

Even in the old war there had been a plan to attack Hawaii.  However, the Army claimed problems with supplying them, and the Navy proposal was flatly rejected.

The Navy had problems of their own.  The Navy had land forces, but they were few and poorly equipped.

Of that Takano said, "We're not going to get anywhere with the Army."

With that said, the Navy organized its own land forces.  Their model was the United States Marines, renowned for its bravery.

One strategy for taking an enemy by surprise is to make possible something deemed impossible.  An operation to occupy Hawaii was something the Americans had not imagined.  For that very reason, it succeeded without trouble.  It was shocking.  A Blitzkrieg attack is a rapid attack against an unprepared enemy.

The plan for the occupation of Hawaii, as conceived by the Deep Blue Society, was strategically coherent.  Somehow.  The main reason for starting a war against the United States was to acquire petroleum resources.  That petroleum was to be found in Oahu.  That being the case, there was no they could not target it...

Of course,

"But how will we maintain the occupation?"

The Deep Blue Society had debated these matters as well.

"Well, it's not like we are going to occupy these islands indefinitely."

Answered Takano, "In my opinion, the occupation of Hawaii is simply bait to lure out the American Navy."

He continued, "Of course, we wouldn't be able to do this without the Deep Blue Fleet."

In short, by occupying Hawaii, we present a mighty thread to the enemy.  The enemy will probably try to remove this threat, this thorn that has pierced its flesh.  They will wait... and strike.

Takano explained, "If this were shogi, this would be the '<span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Rook Central Rook]</span>' strategy.  In fact, this is like the 'Central Rook Sudden Attack.'  You move your rook towards the enemy camp, putting their forward pawn into immediate jeopardy.  That pawn in Hawaii."

"Is your Excellency also considering a direct attack on the enemy mainland?" asked Commander Genda.

"I am of the opinion that it is the only way to push American public opinion towards an early ceasefire."

"That's a great idea."

"Gentlemen, who do you think is the greatest enemy of the President of the United States?"

"Is it not Japan?"

"It is not Japan.  His enemy is the American people.  His greatest fear is which way those people will vote in the presidential election."

In fact, what the President wanted most was to start a war against Japan.  As the servant of America's capitalists, he intended to dominate China and southeast Asia.  For that reason, a war between Japan and America was bound to happen.  For America, which wanted to reign over the Pacific, Japan was a thorn in their side.  They wanted to crush Japan, who was rapidly emerging as their rival, no matter what...

"The Army was falling into the trap of America's long-term strategy.  It was utter foolishness.  The one-track Army mind failed to see through their long-term strategy."

This is what Takano had said.

The second advantage of occupying Hawaii was that it forced them to keep an eye on Hawaii.  With a serious threat to their west coast, America could be required to fight back at a moment's notice...

Continuing his words, Takano said, "In the meantime, we will give our attention to the Southern Resource Region.  We will help establish the various countries of Southeast Asia as independent and friendly to us, so that in the unlikely event of a drawn-out war, we will have the means to endure it.  That is what I am thinking.  What about you, gentlemen?"

Anyway, after the above discussion, the Deep Blue Society realized that this operation would have a significant impact on the future course of the war.




::'''5'''


Suddenly, the roar of cannons echoed from over by Diamond Head.  It was under bombardment from our battleship group.

The population shook with fear.

Commander in Chief Sakamoto was the one carrying out this menacing naval bombardment.

Oahu Island was already surrounded by our battleship group.

Strict orders were issued.  Sakamoto ordered that the safety of the residents was to be ensured as much as possible.

The city of Honolulu was in an uproar.  Naturally, they all thought they would be killed at any moment.

The power of shelling by battleships is incredible.  For example, in the previous world, in the island hopping counteroffensive by the Americans, a thorough bombardment of the islands was carried out.  And yet, until it happened to them, the Japanese military had thought that a mere one-meter concrete wall would be enough to protect them.

In the case of the West, this was the reason for preferring battleships.  Battleships were most powerful for shelling positions on land.

In that sense, the Japanese Navy, which carried the doctrine of the decisive naval battle as its golden rule, was gravely mistaken.  They had a hard time understanding why they had not conducted a thorough bombardment during the surprise attack of Pearl Harbor.   Perhaps the Japanese Navy seemed to be obsessed by the idea that fleets of battleships were supposed to shoot at each other.

It was not so.  By the same reasoning, submarines were not for attacking fleets, but rather were quite effective for the disruption of commerce.

In other words, then battleships are weapons with huge guns that easily be moved far and wide...  When you think like that, then the shelling of land targets is the most effective way to use a battleship.

For example, if each of the four <span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kong%C5%8D-class_battlecruiser Kongou class]</span> ships fires 100 shells per gun, there will be a total of 3,200 shells fired.  That works out to be 2,155 tons.  Using the <span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakajima_B5N Type 97 Attack Bomber]</span>, which can carry a bomb load of 800kg, this converts to 2693 plane-loads.  Using the <span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aichi_D3A Type 99 Carrier Bomber]</span>, which can carry a 250 bomb, this would require 8260 plane-loads.

Only 151 tons of bombs were dropped in the surprise attack on Hawaii.  Therefore, if the four Kongou class ships were to attack with their main guns, the destructive power would have been more than 14 times greater.

On the next day, the eighth, a surrender order was issued to the Oahu garrison.  Small-scale fighting continued in the city and other parts of the island...

Sakamoto told the enemy commanders, "If you persist in your resistance, Oahu will be turned into scorched earth.  We do not wish to involve the general population in this war.  If the garrison, or any Anglo-American citizens wish to be repatriated, we promise to do so safely."

The U.S. forces were well aware of the power of naval bombardment.  Their air power had already been wiped out.  In addition, the Pacific Fleet had been destroyed as well.  As things had turned out, they no longer had the means to fight back.  And having said that, there was no hope of relief from the mainland.

Moreover, he issued a polite warning to the mayor of Honolulu and others by way of the second-generation Japanese citizenry.  Well over 30% of those living in Hawaii were of Japanese descent.

And on the other hand, the garrison commander consulted with the citizens.  This was because Hawaii was not yet a U.S. State, but rather a territory.

They yielded to the pressure of the citizens who wished to surrender.  And so, the Oahu island defense forces were forced to submit quickly.

They were disarmed on the ninth.

In a flash, Commander-in-Chief Sakamoto, also a member of the Deep Blue Society, in accordance with their previously laid plans, provided transport ships to repatriate them.  They were accompanied by submarines for escort and for surveillance.  With them ahead and behind the fleet repatriating the crew of Kimmel's fleet arrived at San Francisco. 

As could be expected, all America was sudden in an uproar.  The United States of a nation of free speech.  Because it was such a major incident, the truth could not be hidden...

The President was therefore placed in a difficult situation.  Public opinion was split in half as to whether to continue to resist, or to have an immediate cease-fire. 

This was the Japanese strategy at a high level.  War, even when you win on the battlefield, comes to nothing.  Because war produces nothing and is a huge waste.  Both Ootaka Yasaburou and Takano Isoroku were in agreement about an early ceasefire.

But the United States was stubborn, even when approached through a neutral country.





::'''6'''


Meanwhile, by means of the Army, the military operations in the south we doing well.  The Navy was also winning more than expected, and their outlook was bright.  In spite of this, things were calm inside Japan, with no great lantern processions.

Why was this?  It was Prime Minister Ootaka's farsighted and deep-laid plan.

At the end of year 16 of the era, Ootaka and Takano took time out of their busy schedules to meet privately.  To avoid being seen, the location was the usual inexpensive, traditional restaurant in Kagurazaka.

"...Ootaka-san.  We have had many victories to this point, but the reports by the press have been very reserved, and a little sad."

Takano laughed as he poured the other a drink.

"This could mean many things," replied Ootaka.

"First of all, it could be to defend against the spread of pride and arrogance amongst the people.  We will eventually manage the southern areas, and that is our biggest goal, but this will not go well if our people are filled with the pride of a victorious nation."

He continued, "The strong, in particular, must be taught to be humble, Takano-san.  This was a lesson driven deep into my heart by the old Pacific war."

"It is as you say.  Pride is a danger not only for the common people, but for the soldiers as well.  Indeed, price itself is the greatest enemy.  No, it is not just pride.  For example, if the results of battle are trumpeted loudly by the press, the generals will try to take credit.  That would be very troubling.  If it were the Navy, everybody would be targeting warships rather than transports.  Rather than destroyers, cruisers...  They would aim for aircraft carriers and battleships rather than cruisers, pushing themselves too hard.  The major announcements of the last world war contributed to such tendencies.  That time around, the results of the war were overly exaggerated."

With of the announcement of exaggerated results, even the front line officers thought they were winning and slacked off.  Operation planning began to get sloppy.

"In the old world, it seemed like the Army and the Navy were competing for the credit," said Ootaka.

"Exactly.  That's why both of them worked to come up with splashy plans to showcase on the front pages of the newspapers."

Takano said this knowing full well he was criticizing himself too.

"For example, the Midway operation?"

"I am ashamed of myself.  The plan of operations, which was directly responsible for Japan's defeat, was thrown together in a very short time."

At the time, there was a tendency to report even unconfirmed sinkings as confirmed.  This tendency was made worse by the announcements of the Japanese Navy.  Every human wants to be thought of as a hero...  It is likely this this happened without our even being aware of it.

It was laughable that even the military leadership itself was deceived by way of reports passed up from below in this way.  Exaggeration after exaggeration was added, even the men themselves came to believe that the lies were true.  However, the foundation of strategy is reliable and accurate intelligence.  It is the same as with a house: if the foundation is not solid, the building will not be straight.

Changing the subject, Takano said, "By the way, isn't it about time we think about suspending the production of the Zero fighter?"

"At the moment, everyone thinks the Zero is the best fighter in the world, but it will eventually be useless."

"Let's look into it," said Ootaka.

"Incorporating all the design points for close-in fighting, the Zero is certainly a masterpiece.  However, it is weak in defense.  This will lead to the deaths of our precious pilots.  I believe that as a result, this will lead to a serious decline in our war potential."

"I have heard it takes a high level of skill to master flying the Zero," Ootaka added.

"That's why we need to switch to a plane that anyone can fly and not crash, or we will not be able to survive a long, drawn-out war."

"One hit will turn even an Army plane into a fireball.  This is said to be a flaw in the design philosophy, which gives priority to bomb capacity, flying range and speed," said Ootaka, nodding deeply.

"In fact, you and I think alike: that we should stop producing bombers like the 
"<span class="plainlink">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitsubishi_G4M Lighter]</span>" and start producing defensive planes as soon as possible.

"I agree," said Takano, nodding as well.

"Fortunately, we have access to rubber and such from the Southern Resource Region, so I think we might be able to make a plane that doesn't crash."

"There is certainly a deep-seated opposition amongst certain hard-faced soldiers, but by all means, let's worth together on this," replied Ootaka.

"Yes.  For that, Ootaka-san, we have no choice but to use the power of the state."

It was a matter of not letting them say ‘no'.  In fact, as a warning, quite a few high-ranking officers were shipped to the reserves.

"Yes.  If we don't change the nature of the military and the military personnel themselves, we will not win this war."

Ootaka had been determined to carry out a military purge as well.

"By the way, this Deep Blue Fleet that we have been keeping secret, where is it now?" This time it was Ootaka changing the subject.

"Since the operation to invade Hawaii has settled down, and we are fully fueled from Pearl Harbor, we are heading out already."

"You mean, 'that'?"

"Indeed.  If 'that' succeeds, it will most likely buy us quite a bit of time."

"I pray that you may by all means succeed."

"Don't worry.  My motto and yours is 'Win when your enemy isn't looking.'  The Deep Blue Fleet has brought along an oceangoing submarine squadrom built for the high seas.  They have had a great deal of success traveling back and forth between Hawaii and the enemy mainland."

"We're counting on you.  The submarine squadron has at long last returned to its original mission: commerce raiding." 

"Indeed it has.  In the old great war, we used our submarines in the wrong way.  In spite of the example of the U-boats.  However, it took a while to persuade them.  After all, there is this tendency in the navy to go after battleships."

"I see.  But Takano-san, the Pacific Fleet has already been eradicated, and there's no enemy left to target."

"Haha, you are absolutely right."

"Is the refitting of the captured American battleships moving forward?"

"Yes.  The six battleships under the West Virginia which were captured in the Kaua'i Channel were promptly sent to Kure and other ports for refitting."

Reported Takano, sounding rather amused.  "They aren't bad ships, but their weak point is speed.  I'd like to increase their horsepower and get them up to thirty knots.  However, I believe there is much to be learned from their design philosophy."

Ootaka asked, "You told me that eventually you would like to build a new fleet based on these six battleships, didn't you?"

"Yes.  I am thinking I would like to christen it 'The Red Jade Fleet', how about that?"

"That's a good name."

Ootaka laughed like a child.

"With this, we could control the Indian Ocean."

"That's great."

Ootaka clapped himself on the knees.  "So it's the Deep Blue Fleet in the east, and in the west the Red Jade Fleet, eh?  It is plain to see that you read from the worlds of <span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunr%C5%8D_Oshikawa Oshikawa Shinrou]</span> when you were a kid."

"There were also <span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unno_Juza Unno Juuza]</span>, Minami Youichirou and Yamanaka Minetarou," said Takano, who for his part looked like he had returned briefly to his childhood.

"The sake is really good."

"That it is."

"I wouldn't mind sailing with the Red Jade Fleet myself.  As soon as I find myself a worthy successor, then by all means, please appoint me as the Commander in Chief."

"Haha!" Ootaka laughed and nodded.

"From the strategic point of view, gaining control of the Indian Ocean would sever Chiang Kai-shek's supply route.  And if we advanced further down the African coast, for example as far as Somalia, we could control the entrance to the Red Sea and bring the Suez Canal to a standstill."

"I see.  That is a grand vision, isn't it?  Indeed, the thought that those who control the oceans can hold the leadership of the world is true, eh?"

This was what the American geopolitician <span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Thayer_Mahan Mahan]</span> had advocated for: the existence of a maritime strategy.

"It is my theory that... Japan should try to become a maritime nation."

"Agreed.  The Army needs to adopt an entirely new mindset.  They must change their way of thinking," to which statement Ootaka nodded several times.

"The question is, I wonder if the withdrawal of troops from the continent moving along as well as it should?" asked Takano.

"Your idea to withdraw troops from China and set them aside as manpower for domestic industry is now gradually gaining traction within the ranks of the Army," said Ootaka.

"However, a complete withdrawal will not be possible until the end of this war," he added.

"It is as you say.  The main artery connecting the home islands of Japan and the Southern Resource Area must be maintained at all cost," said Takano.  "We discussed this issue in the Deep Blue Society."

"In our Blue Wind Society as well.  In any case, in preparation for a drawn-out war, the Beijing-Guangzhou railway (Beijing to Hankou) and the Yuehan Line (Hankou to Guangdong) must be secured and completed."

"What's more, if the railroad along French Indochina's eastern coast can be connected to Guangdong, we should be able to connect all the way from Busan to Saigon," said Takano.

"If we could connect to Bangkok, then the end point would be Singapore."

And their stories just kept on getting more and more expansive...

In any case, ensuring the safety of the railroads as well as the South and East China Sea shipping routes was absolutely necessary.  This, in particular, was a matter of life and death for Japan.

They talked enthusiastically about the aforementioned strategic plans for the future.  Of course, there was the problem of funding it all.  And there were the problems associated with the local governments and populations.

In conclusion, the Greater East Asia initiative would not be possible if they were perceived as conquerors rather than good neighbors.

"I think we will need to send many intelligent, capable, personable people there," said Ootaka.

"It’s only natural.  If we sent arrogant people, we would only buy ourselves antagonism," said Takano.

"I am thinking about ordering the foreign affairs ministry to institute an extremely strict screening process for the issuance of passports.  At the same time providing a training center to teach travellers about the local customs and habits.  And I am thinking of making this the law."

The two of them talked until late in the night about their future plans.

...They would later see the great achievements that would result.

Keeping a lid on the strong domestic opposition, Prime Minster Ootaka eventually chose to leave the judgement of crimes committed by Japanese nationals in the hands of the local governments.

In addition, the South Seas Agency was reformed and expanded to become the Great South Seas agency to strictly supervise Japanese nationals overseas.

The meticulous attention paid by Prime Minister Ootaka would eventually bear fruit.

The same was true in the case of Hawaii.  The discipline of the troops stationed there was made especially strict.  Violators were severely punished.  There were no exceptions, not for soldiers, nor for officers.

The jurisdiction was limited to the former American base, and they did not interfere with the local government in any way.  Sometimes they even let us help out in the pineapple fields. 

Sakamoto Ryouma reported there were hardly any of the problems he’d been worried about, perhaps due to there being so many people of Japanese descent.

Thus we see that Hawaii was doing well in general.  The Japanese Navy was making effective use of the huge naval base in Pearl Harbor, turning it into a strategic base.

Before the new year, Vice Admiral Sakamoto went to Tokyo by flying boat so he could report.

He made an appearance at once at Takano’s place and gave his report of the situation on the ground.

His first words were to congratulate Takano on his promotion.  At the end of the previous year, Takano Isoroku had become a Navy Admiral.  Of course, he had not wished for this.  Those around him had forced him to be an Admiral...

"It sounds like Hawaii is a nice place."

"Yes, the island of eternal summer that is Hawaii is indeed paradise."

"I really envy you.  Tokyo, indeed, all of Japan, because it has entered a wartime state of frugality and saving, is as cold as all get-out," laughed Takano.

He continued, "Speaking of which, I've decided to recommend you to the Secretary of the Navy for appointment as the Civil Administrator for the Eastern Pacific Region.  I expect you to be approved at the upcoming meeting, and that you will receive the official notification soon."

"Thank you very much.  That is a heavy responsibility.  And yet, we cannot simply go to war."

However, we need that sort of thing more than firing cannons.  Military personnel must change from now on.  I am asking you to also do your duty as a military governor."

And so on.  It had been a long time since they'd had a pleasant conversation.

The Hawaiian Archipelago consists of eight islands and their accompanying islets.  The largest is the island of Hawaii, home to the Kilauea volcano.  The most populous island is Oahu.

"......In terms of total area, it is about the size of Shikoku, but with a population of only a few hundred thousand.  But, because they form a worthy nation, I hope you will take care to not violate their sovereignty," said Takano.  

Whereupon Sakamoto replied, "Yes.  I have been consulting with those of Japanese descent and paying attention to how the islanders are feeling."

He continued, "But, apart from the Japanese, there are Polynesians, Europeans, Filipinos, Chinese and Koreans.  There is much variety here, and no single representative race.  However, due to the rich climate of the land, everyone is warm and friendly."

"If that is the case, all the more reason not to get the locals involved in the fighting," said Takano sincerely.

"In accordance with the policies of the Deep Blue Society, if and when there is a large scale counter-offensive, we plan on issuing a declaration that the archipelago is defenseless."

"That would be good," Takano nodded.

"That is what we have told the local government, and they seem to be relieved."

"That will do," nodded Takano.

"However, providing supplies over 5,000 kilometers and more is difficult.  How about trying to use the ships of neutral countries?"

"That's good thinking.  Let's tell Prime Minister Ootaka as soon as possible."

"Speaking as a military person, I wonder if the troops stationed in Hawaii could act as the middle-men in promoting trade with other countries."

"Oh ho.  That is an unusual idea, no, that's a good idea.  So that will be the special job of the military administration, won't it?" laughed Takano.

"Hawaii has always had strong economic ties with America.  This is troubling for us, and yet they seek more trade with them than with our country."

"Understood," nodded Takano Isoroku again, "I'm not sure, but this may be an even more bizarre idea than yours..."  Returning to explain, "Hawaii was originally an independent nation.  Right now, even though Japan and America are at war, I'm sure the Hawaiian government would be more than happy to trade with the U.S."

"I see."

Sakamoto slapped his knees.  "Sir, that is a terrific idea."

"Consult with the Hawaiian government about it.  If this goes well, I think it may well serve as a model for our policies in Asia."

"Understood," said Sakamoto, impressed.

He continued, "Our Deep Blue Society's basic policy has been to reduce the tensions between Japan and the United States.  As you have said over and over again, sir, the war we are waging is against the monopolistic capitalistic ruling classes, not the common people of the country.  And from that point of view, your idea would be useful for easing tensions."

Sakamoto continued, "For example, our way of thinking should be conveyed to the American people through American journalism.  The powers that wish to continue the war will be very annoyed, but if we continue in this vein, we may eventually be able to capture the peace."

This would turn out to be a successful step, and eventually of great significance...


'''Footnote:''' Hawaii at this time is America's 50th state, but in 1898 an American possession, and from 1900 onwards an American territory.  The Kamehameha dynasty was established in the 19th century, but the islands in the middle of the Pacific Ocean were being threatened by the influence of the United States, Great Britain and France.  Since the fall of the Tokugawa Shogunate, the Japanese people had been witnessing the invasion of Asia by the Western powers.


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