Difference between revisions of "9S:Volume1 Illustrations"

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•Prior to the Napoleonic wars and France’s
 
domination of Europe, Austria was one of
 
Europe’s most powerful nations.
 
 
•The powerful Hapsburg dy-
 
nasty controlled not only Cen-
 
tral Europe, but also Spain and
 
 
the Netherlands. Charles V, the
 
Holy Roman Emperor & King
 
 
of Spain, split the vast Haps-
 
burg holdings in 1556 when he abdicated
 
 
his throne. The Austrian Hapsburgs contin-
 
ued to control Central Europe, while
 
 
Charles’ son Philip II took possession of
 
Spain, the Netherlands & Spanish New
 
World possessions.
 
 
•By 1800, the Austrian Hapsburgs con-
 
trolled the second largest Empire in Europe
 
 
(after Russia), and the third most populous
 
(after Russia and Prussia).
 
•While Austria was damaged somewhat by
 
 
the Napoleonic Wars, their in-
 
fluence in European affairs re-
 
mained profound, as they
 
 
hosted the infamous Congress
 
of Vienna in 1815.
 
•Austria put herself in charge of the
 
‘Confederation of the Rhine’ — a loose
 
grouping of Germanic states. However, her
 
power and influence there began to wane
 
by the 1840s due to the rise of the powerful
 
& industrial Prussia.
 
 
•In general, Austria’s power in Europe de-
 
creased throughout the rest of the 19th cen-
 
tury. Austria was falling behind economi-
 
cally, as they were largely unindustrialized,
 
 
and they were plagued by the nationalist
 
uprisings of their minority groups.
 
 
Multi-national Empire in a Nationalist World national Empire in a Nationalist World national Empire in a Nationalist World
 
•The Austrian Empire not only controlled
 
vast territory in Central Europe, it also ruled
 
over more than a dozen different ethnic
 
 
groups. Each group had its own culture, his-
 
tory and language. As time went on, these
 
 
groups became increasingly vocal about
 
their desire for self-government.
 
 
•In 1848, Austria faced a series of signifi-
 
cant uprisings within its Empire. There were
 
 
demonstrations for democratic reforms in
 
the capital city of Vienna. These
 
demonstrations were put down,
 
however it was harder to crush
 
the nationalist demonstrations
 
 
that were occurring in the Hun-
 
garian portion of their Empire. In fact, the
 
 
Austrians needed Russian help to deal with
 
the Hungarians.
 
 
The Dual Monarchy The Dual Monarchy
 
 
•The Austrian Empire continued to deal with
 
nationalist uprisings and with the increased
 
dissatisfaction of its largest minority, the
 
Magyars (Hungarians).
 
•In 1867, Emperor Franz Joseph agreed to
 
the Hungarian Compromise of 1867 which
 
created the ‘Dual Monarchy’.
 
The Emperor would continue to
 
rule from Vienna, but a second
 
 
capital city was created at Bu-
 
dapest (Hungary) to rule the
 
 
Eastern part of the Empire. A
 
second parliament was created, and the
 
Hungarians were granted enormous ruling
 
power. Austria became Austria-Hungary,
 
and the eagle on the traditional coat of
 
arms now sported two heads.
 

Latest revision as of 13:56, 4 May 2021

These are novel illustrations that were included in volume 1.


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